Heart rate variability (HRV) is a well-established biomarker reflecting autonomic nervous system activity and has been widely investigated in both clinical and research settings. In the context of maternal and neonatal health, HRV analysis provides valuable insights into stress, adaptation, and physiological development. Despite its importance, publicly available datasets focusing on HRV in mothers and infants remain scarce, limiting opportunities for reproducible research and comparative studies. The current work introduces the PROMOTE-Premature Neonate HRV dataset, a curated collection of HRV features extracted from electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings of newborn infants, acquired with the SEER1000 system within the framework of the PROMOTE project (promote.soc.uoc.gr). The dataset includes preterm neonate HRV features derived from time, frequency, and non-linear domains. The dataset represents an initial step toward facilitating collaborative research in maternal–infant health, enabling the exploration of HRV as a window into early-life physiology and maternal well-being.